Constellation Auriga (Charioteer)

Auriga
Auriga: IAU Constellation Map [150]

Properties

Auriga is a striking constellation north of Taurus and Gemini and is roughly the shape of a pentagon. This formation shares a star with Taurus: γ Aurigae is also the northern horn of the bull and is recorded as β Tauri, El Nath (the horn). In most atlases one finds this star belonging to Taurus. A few degrees southwest of Capella is a small, pointed triangle, the tip of which points to the north. This formation is known as The Goatling which the Charioteer carries in his arms and is formed by ε, η, and θ Aurigae. [85]

The star Capella forms together with Aldebaran (α Tauri), Rigel (β Orionis), Sirius (α Canis Maior), Procyon (α Canis Minoris) and the two twin stars Castor and Pollux (α and β Geminorum) the winter hexagon. The area of the constellation Auriga is 657 square degrees and the center culminates around midnight on December 9th. [9, 15]

Stars with Proper Names:

  • α Aur: Capella, Alhajoth
  • β Aur: Menkalinan, Menkalina
  • ε Aur: Al Anz, Almaaz
  • ζ Aur: Haedi, Haedus, Hoedus I
  • η Aur: Hoedus II
  • ι Aur: Hassaleh
Data for constellation Auriga [150]
IAU NameAuriga
IAU GenitiveAurigae
IAU Abbr.Aur
English NameCharioteer
Season (47° N)August … April
Right Ascension04h 37m 54s … 07h 30m 56s
Declination+27° 53' 29" … +56° 09' 53"
Area657 deg2
Neighbours (N↻)Cam, Per, Tau, Gem, Lyn

Deep-Sky Object Descriptions

Mythology and History

The constellation has been known as the Charioteer since Babylonian times. Two different images are superimposed, reminiscent of two different incidents: It depicts a carter carrying a goat with young billy goats on his shoulders.

Constellation Auriga
Constellation Auriga: Illustration from «Uranometria» by Johann Bayer, copper engraving by Alexander Mair, 1603 [28]

The goat is reminiscent of Zeus' earliest youth: At the beginning of the earliest existence, when there was still chaos, an empty space, the origin of all things, the broad-chested earth emerged. She gave birth to Uranus, heaven, so that it would surround her and so that the gods might find a permanent home there one day. She even united with Uranus herself and gave birth to the Titans. Uranos wasn't exactly a loving father, because he hated his children, cast them into the gorges of the earth and was still happy about them. One of the titans, Kronos, who was also called the crooked-minded man, horrified himself on his father with a toothed sickle sword. Uranus lost his manhood and Kronos gained dominion in heaven. Such a deed could not go unpunished and so it was made known to him through a prophecy that his own son would conquer him and deprive him of rule. Kronos, worried about his future, killed and devoured all of his newborn sons.

The nymph Amaltheia, who lived in springs and waters, was well known on the Cretan Ida. She was able to secretly take one of the children away and hid it from his cruel father in the woods. She baptized the child in the name of Zeus. Amaltheia owned a beautiful goat, the mother of two goats. This goat stood out among the dictaean herds because it had high horns bent towards its back and an udder like the one Zeus' nurse had to have. She gave her milk to God; but then she broke off a horn on a tree and was deprived of half of its ornament. The nymph took the horn, wreathed it with fresh green, filled it with fruit and raised it to Zeus' face. When he was in control of heaven, sitting on his father's throne and nothing was stronger than the undefeated Zeus, he turned his wet nurse and the cornucopia, which still bears the name of his mistress, into stars. The brightly shining capella is this goat star and underneath there are two slightly smaller stars in which you can see the goats. [20]

The charioteer was not a coachman, but rather a leader of a racing car or perhaps a chariot who drove a team of four. Some say it meant Phaethon, who borrowed the sun chariot from his father, the sun god, and in his youthful arrogance almost set the whole earth and also the sky on fire. The traces of fire can still be seen today as a band of the Milky Way and you can see how far the sun car had strayed from its path back then. [20]

Constellation Auriga
Constellation Auriga: Illustration from «Prodromus Astronomiae» by Johannes Hevelius, 1690. Mirrored view from «outside of the celestial sphere» [19]

In addition to Phaethon, one also believes to see another charioteer in the carter, namely Erichthonius, the son of Hephaestus who was conceived without a mother. Hephaestus was the god of fire and the artful craftsmanship, was the limping son of Zeus and Hera. Athena once came to him, the virgin goddess of war, science and the arts. Hephaestus fell in love with her and tried to rape Athena, who was fighting with all his might. His seed flowed on the earth and the virgin Athena stepped on it with shameful anger. So the goddess of the earth received him and finally gave birth to the boy Erichthonius, whom she later handed over to Athena. This boy had snake feet. Athena raised the child by keeping it in a chest guarded by snakes. He grew up to be a man and became king. Erichthonius invented a chariot because he was ashamed to show his feet. The chariot was almost similar to the sun chariot, and Zeus was so impressed by this invention that he took Erichthonius to the sky as a furman and charioteer. [20, 85]

The Roman astronomical poet Hyginus saw another person in this star of the carter: Myrtilus or Myrtilos. The king of Oinomaos of Pisa had three sons and a daughter named Hippodameia with his wife Sterope. He owned a famous stud farm and was an invincible driver of horse racing cars. King Oinomaos was warned by an oracle that his son-in-law would kill him and so he tried to prevent Hippodameia's marriage. Every young man who tried to get Hippodameia had to go through a chariot race with their father. However, should he be overtaken by the king, he would have to die by the king's spear; so it was agreed. Twelve princes had already been killed and their severed heads adorned the palace gates. Pelops, the son of the Lydian king Tantalus, also wanted to free Hippodameia and asked Poseiden, the Greek god of the seas, the fastest chariot in the world, which could also race over sea waves. Arrived in front of the palace gate and given the gruesome framing of the driveway, his courage failed. So he made use of a ruse: he promised Myrtilus - that was the king's charioteer, who was himself in love with the beautiful Hippodameia - half of his future kingdom and the right to sleep with Hippodameia on their wedding night, if he could in some way Successfully hamper the king's racing car. Myrtilos, inspired by sweet thoughts, secretly removed the pins from the axles of the wheels and replaced them with wax replicas. What happened next is easy to imagine: The king's racing car lost its wheels at full speed and the king was killed in the process. When Myrtilos wanted to claim his right to the wedding night, Pelops pushed him into the sea, where he drowned. Hermes, he was the father of Myrtilus, could not prevent this crime in time; he therefore placed him among the stars as the constellation of the charioteer. [20]

The original Greek name of this constellation was Heniochus (The One Who Holds the Reins). Other names for this constellation were Phaethon, Bellerophon, but also Custos caprarum, i.e. the goat keeper. What is meant is the goat that Zeus once served as a wet nurse. [20]

Catalogs

Yale Bright Star Catalogue, 5th Revised Ed. (Hoffleit+, 1991) [154]
HR B F DM HD SAO FK5 IR M* ADS VarID RA Dec vMag spType dMag Sep ["] Remarks
HR 1501BD+32 8272986757393 04 43 48.3+32 51 556.45 R A8V
HR 1528BD+32 8403045357444S 04 49 19.0+32 35 185.86 A8m SB:7.0507d, K 57.8k/s, V0 +20.3k/s, asini 5.60.
HR 1529BD+31 81630454574412359I 04 49 12.8+31 26 145.58 K2III
HR 1535BD+48 116230557397992361 04 51 09.3+48 44 275.66 G9III
HR 1550BD+42 10813082339826 04 52 47.8+42 35 125.71 A3III
HR 15512BD+36 9523083457475I 04 52 38.0+36 42 114.78 K2.5IIIbBa0.4 G:Sirius group; UMa stream.
HR 1558BD+43 11163106939851 04 54 51.3+44 03 396.08 A0V
HR 1573BD+35 9303132757511 04 56 19.9+36 10 086.07 B2Ib G:Aur OB1.
HR 1577ι3BD+32 8553139857522181I 1778 04 56 59.6+33 09 582.69 K3II N:Hassaleh in Becvar.,VAR:4.0 - 4.15p.
HR 1592ω4BD+37 100531647575483572 04 59 15.4+37 53 254.94 A1V 2.85.1D:Binary.,DYN:0.021".,G:Pleiades group.
HR 15995BD+39 113331761575593589 05 00 18.3+39 23 415.95 F5V 3.43.7DYN:0.037".
HR 16026BD+39 11343178057560I 05 00 23.2+39 39 186.58 R K4I
HR 1605ε7BD+43 11663196439955183I3605 Eps Aur05 01 58.1+43 49 242.99 F0Iae+B v6.2207.6D:ADS 3605A. A* 2.98 var. A8Iap. Five visual and one astrometric components. AB visual binary, B, 14v at 29"; C,,D:11.26V, +1.83(B-V), +1.31(U-B), at 43"; D, 12.0v at 46".,N:Al Anz; Almaaz.,S:Shell star. Also classified A8Ia-F2epIa + B.,SB:ADS 3605A, 9890d, K 15.0k/s, V0 -1.4k/s, msin3i 16.8, asini 2000. Unresolved by speckle interferometry.,VAR:ADS 3605A, EA 2.94 - 3.83V, 9892d. Spectrum var. even outside eclipse. RV and light fluctuations about 110d.
HR 1612ζ8BD+40 114232068399661137I Zet Aur05 02 28.7+41 04 333.75 K4II+B8V N:Haedi; Haedus; Hoedus I. With HR 1641, one of the "kids"; Sadatoni; Saclateni.,S:Also classified K5II + B5V.,SB:972.162d, K 24.6k/s, V0 +12.9k/s, msin3i 7.54, asini 300. Unresolved by speckle interferometry . SKYLAB,SB:indicates cool star with hot companion.,VAR:EA 3.70 - 3.97V, 972.164d, i 90d. Variable duration of min. Amp. depends on wavelength, 0.55B, 1.97U. K component,VAR:amp. 0.05V.
HR 1615BD+41 10443218839979 1810 05 03 18.6+41 26 306.14 A2IIIShell? S:H alpha, beta and gamma have absorption cores. TiII and FeII stronger than normal; MgII, SiII strong. Shell doubtful.
HR 1626BD+30 7723240657610 05 04 14.5+30 29 416.14 K0II-III
HR 1627BD+32 8793242857614 05 04 36.9+32 19 136.62 A4m S:Also classified A8.5Vm:
HR 16379BD+51 102432537250193675 05 06 40.6+51 35 525.00 F0V 4.490.1D:A,B,C, CPM; D, optical; E, 12.3v at 132" from A.,SB:ADS 3675A, 391.7d, K 5.8k/s, V0 -7.4k/s, asini 29.0.
HR 1639BD+35 97332608576292379 05 06 00.9+35 56 116.52 A5V
HR 1641η10BD+41 10583263040026185 1822 05 06 30.9+41 14 043.17 B3V G:Cas-Tau OB1; member of Pleiades group.,N:Hoedus II. One of the kids, with HR 1612.,RV:Doubtful var., 24d period not confirmed.,VAR:Beta C?
HR 1644BD+42 11703265540029 05 06 49.6+43 10 296.20 F2IIp:
HR 1668BD+46 9703316740077 05 10 42.9+46 57 445.68 F5V G:Hyades moving group.
HR 1669BD+37 10673320357704I3734 05 10 18.9+37 18 076.02 K3:+B2II: 0.11.5D:AB, CPM.
HR 1689μ11BD+38 10633364157755192 05 13 25.7+38 29 044.86 A4Vm
HR 1692BD+53 87233654250872393 05 14 44.3+53 12 506.20 A0V
HR 170614BD+32 92233959577993824 AKW Aur05 15 24.4+32 41 165.02 A9IVDel Del 2.914.3D:AC binary. B, 11v F4V at 13" optical.,G:Possible new Eggen group with HR 63, q.v.,SB:ADS 3824A, 3.788506d, K 23.0k/s, V0 -9.8k/s, asini 1.20.,VAR:Delta Sct 4.94 - 5.10V, 0.088088d. Form of light curve varies. Also nonradial pulsations of 0.096533 and 0.088243d.
HR 1707BD+53 8823401925112I3845 R Aur05 17 17.8+53 35 106.50 M7IIIe 2.146.4D:Binary. Component B, 9.50V, +0.47(B-V), +0.09(U-B), F4IV.,S:Probable SiO maser emission.,VAR:ADS 3845A, M 6.7 - 13.7v, 457.64d, period changes; 10.18 - 13.12V, -0.06 to -0.43(U-B). Cycle of 64.5d also possible.
HR 1708α13BD+45 10773402940186193I3841 1897 05 16 41.4+45 59 530.08 G5IIIe+G0III v0.50.0D:AP 0.6 G5III, 1.1 G0III, sep. 0.04", 0.285y, a = 0.054", masses 2.67 and 2.55 solar. Combined mag., colors. Capella is,D:first star for which an orbit was determined from interferometer measures, by Anderson at Mt. Wilson in 1920. Speckle,D:sep. 0.040" 1981.24 and 1981.68; 0.055" 1982.16. CPM with component H, a close binary, 10.0 dM1, 13.7 dM5 sep. 2" at,D:723" from A, probably physical with A. Other components all faint and distant from A.,DYN:0.058".,G:Hyades group.,N:CAPELLA; Alhajoth.,R:Diam. component A = 0.0052", component B = 0.0040".,S:Chromospheric He 10830 double. Balloon-borne spectrometer revealed pronounced emission of MgII. Soft X-ray emission.,S:Lithium content of the F-type component is 15 times that of the G component. Also classified G6III+F9III.,SB:104.0204d, K 26.1k/s, V0 +29.5k/s, asini 37.3.,VAR:Amp. 0.03V. Variable helium and X-ray emission.
HR 1712BD+34 98034078578163843 AE Aur05 16 18.2+34 18 435.96 O9.5V e3.38.4D:Component B doubtful, possibly the nebula. C 10.7V at 30".,G:Runaway star from Ori OB1 association. Moving at 128k/s in opposite direction from Mu Col = HR 1996. See HR 938.,G:Exciting star of HII region S229; associated with nebula IC 405. S229 superimposed on S230. In reflection nebula. The,G:best example of nebulosity in which the gas and dust are differently distributed.,S:Central Balmer emission in blue-violet only.,VAR:ADS 3843A, Ina 5.78 - 6.08V. Possibly a SN 2.5 million yrs. ago.
HR 1722BD+42 12393426940214I PU Aur05 18 15.9+42 47 325.48 M4III VAR:Lb?, amp. 0.10V.
HR 1725BD+40 12403433240224 05 18 40.4+40 27 546.18 K0
HR 172616BD+33 10003433457853I3872 1909 05 18 10.7+33 22 184.54 K2.5IIIbFe-1 5.84.2D:CPM.,S:Also classified K2.5IIIb CN-0.5.,SB:ADS 3872A, 434.8d, K 14.8k/s, V0 -27.5k/s, asini 88.0.,VAR:ADS 3872A, E?
HR 172817BD+33 10023436457858 AR Aur05 18 18.9+33 46 026.14 B9.5V D:Possible CPM with HR 1732.,G:Aur OB1. Concentration of hydrogen emission in direction of this association.,S:Also classified ApHgMn + B9V.,SB:4.1346d, K 107.2k/s, V0 +25.1k/s, msin3i 2.48, asini 6.09; vsini of secondary 62k/s.,VAR:EA 6.15 - 6.82V, 6.05 - 6.72B, A0 + A0, 4.134695d, changing period.
HR 1729λ15BD+39 1248344114023311453886 05 19 08.5+40 05 574.71 G1.5IV-VFe-1 4.9146.6D:B, 13.4v at 29". C, 12.1v at 42" and D, optical.,G:Epsilon Ind group.
HR 1732BD+33 10083445257884 IQ Aur05 19 00.0+33 44 545.41 A0pSi vD:Possible CPM with HR 1728.,S:Magnetic star showing chlorine. Silicon star. Helium and neon deficient. Bluest known peculiar A-star: color,S:characteristic of about B4V. Classified A0p because He weak, but in other respects the color is more indicative of the,S:temperature than the spectral class of Ap stars. One of the hottest Ap stars known, about 17000K.,SB:Double lines.,VAR:Alpha CV 5.35 - 5.41V, 2.4660d. Spectrum var. same period.
HR 1733BD+44 11703449840242 05 20 02.3+44 25 326.62 R K0
HR 173418BD+33 101034499578933893 05 19 23.6+33 59 086.49 A7V 5.33.8
HR 1736BD+46 99834533402513903 05 20 39.3+46 57 506.54 GIII+A2V 2.923.2D:Fixed. Companion spectral class A.
HR 1738BD+40 12533455740248 05 20 14.8+41 05 105.52 A3V
HR 174019BD+33 101334578579062399 1925 05 20 00.9+33 57 295.03 A5II
HR 1749ρ20BD+41 116234759402692400 05 21 48.4+41 48 165.23 B3V G:Cas-Tau OB1.,SB:35.5d, K 28k/s, V0 +19k/s, asini 13.7.
HR 1752BD+29 8693479077124 05 21 12.7+29 34 125.76 R A1V s 0.40.0SB:6.2, 6.6v, sep. 0.0005", 2.1517d, K 113.3k/s, V0 -19.7k/s, msin3i 1.71, asini 3.35; vsini both components 53k/s.
HR 1760BD+40 12683490440290 05 22 50.3+41 01 465.54 A3V
HR 176822BD+28 7883507677139 05 23 22.9+28 56 126.46 B9V s
HR 1773σ21BD+37 11753518657981I3984 05 24 39.2+37 23 084.99 K4III 7.08.7D:AB fixed.
HR 1775BD+31 9543523857987 05 24 38.3+31 13 266.28 K1III
HR 1776BD+31 9553523957988 05 24 38.5+31 08 355.94 B9III
HR 1779BD+34 103135295579994000 A05 25 13.0+34 51 196.55 K1pIII-IV+F6V 1.831.2D:CPM. Companion F6V.,S:Component A has abnormally strong CN. Lambda 4150 star.
HR 1794BD+35 110235519580292408I 05 26 54.3+35 27 266.15 K2 G:Open cluster NGC 1907 #1.
HR 1795BD+34 10403552058028 05 26 48.9+34 23 305.94 A0III S:Also classified A1p.
HR 1796BD+33 10453552158030 05 26 51.3+33 15 466.15 K0
HR 1804BD+30 8983560058040 05 27 08.3+30 12 315.74 B9Ib G:Aur OB1. Concentration of hydrogen emission in direction of this association.
HR 1805φ24BD+34 10483562058051IW 05 27 38.9+34 28 335.07 K3IIICN+2 3.2206.8G:Hyades group.
HR 1822BD+29 9093598477205 05 29 40.6+29 11 116.24 F6III
HR 1824BD+41 120636040403872412 05 30 48.6+41 27 436.00 K0IIIp S:Lambda 4150 star.
HR 1825BD+39 13223604158129W 05 30 45.1+39 49 336.37 G9III 1.375.4D:Companion 7.62V, +0.94(B-V), +0.69(U-B), G8III.
HR 1843χ25BD+32 102436371581641151 05 32 43.7+32 11 314.76 B5Iab G:Aur OB1. Concentration of hydrogen emission in direction of this association.,SB:655.16d, K 20.5k/s, V0 -0.2k/s, asini 182.
HR 1846BD+41 12183640440426 05 33 28.7+42 06 326.55 B9IIIp:Hg:
HR 1850BD+32 10283648458179 05 33 27.5+32 48 046.48 A2m
HR 1854BD+34 10833649958182 05 33 38.0+34 43 336.27 A3IV
HR 1866BD+54 91436678252762416I 05 36 35.2+54 25 445.73 M0III
HR 1869BD+47 117836719404662417 05 36 15.9+47 42 556.11 dF0
HR 1884BD+40 13463689140481 05 36 52.4+40 10 566.09 G3Ib+F
HR 1904BD+33 11023713858263 05 37 45.7+33 33 336.33 K0
HR 191426BD+30 96337269582804229 2485 05 38 38.1+30 29 335.40 F9III+B9.5V 0.30.2D:AB 6.0 G5III, 6.3 A2V, 53.2y, a = 0.135". Combined, mag., colors. C, 8.57V, +0.28(B-V), +0.09(U-B), F0V at 12",,D:physical; D, 11.5v at 33". Resolved by speckle interferometry 1983.93, sep. 0.12".
HR 1924BD+29 9473736777354 05 39 18.4+29 12 555.96 B2IV-V 2.00.0G:Cas-Tau OB1.,SB:6.2, 8.2, sep. 0.00001", about 6.5d, K 9k/s.
HR 1925BD+53 9343739425319W 05 41 20.3+53 28 526.23 K1V 2.8688.0D:Component B, 9.9v M1 at 99", is BD +53d935, CPM. Component D is F5. Other companions 12.4 and 12.8v.
HR 1938BD+31 104837519583192425 2537 05 40 35.9+31 21 296.04 B9.5III-IVp:
HR 1939BD+31 10493753658322I NO Aur05 40 42.1+31 55 156.11 M2IIIS G:Aur OB1.,VAR:Lc 6.13 - 6.30V.
HR 1945BD+29 95337646773934262 A05 41 21.0+29 29 156.43 B8IV 0.426.1D:CPM, B is 7.18V, -0.04(B-V), -0.14(U-B), B9.5V, vsini 120k/s.,SB:ADS 4254A.
HR 1971ο27BD+49 13983810440583216 05 45 54.0+49 49 355.47 A2VpCr G:UMa stream.
HR 1974BD+40 14033818940584 05 45 49.5+40 30 266.58 A3Del Del
HR 1979BD+42 139638358406092431 05 47 14.7+42 31 366.29 K0
HR 1995τ29BD+39 14183865658465I4398 05 49 10.5+39 10 524.52 G8IIIFe-1 6.149.6G:Ursa cluster? UMa stream.
HR 2003BD+51 111738765254112437 05 50 56.4+51 30 536.29 K1III
HR 2011υ31BD+37 133638944584962440I 2661 05 51 02.4+37 18 204.74 M0+III-IIIbFe-0.5 VAR:Amp. 0.1V. Cycles 35-36d in 1970-1 not confirmed in other seasons.
HR 2012ν32BD+39 14293900358502221I4440 05 51 29.4+39 08 553.97 G9.5III* 7.354.6D:Companion optical.,S:G9.5III CN 0.5 Fe 1 Ba 0.2:
HR 2018BD+32 11093904558504I4443 Var05 51 25.7+32 07 306.25 M3III v5.915.2M:High space velocity.,S:Spectrum may be variable.,VAR:Amp. 0.10V.
HR 2025BD+39 14353918258524 05 52 39.5+39 34 286.45 R A2V
HR 2028BD+33 117939225585282443I 2681 05 52 40.1+33 55 035.98 M1.5II-III M:High space velocity.
HR 2029ξ30BD+55 102739283254501157 05 54 50.8+55 42 254.99 A2V G:Sirius group?,N:Flamsteed also called this star 32 Cam = 30 Aur.,R:Radius relative to Sun = 2.6.,S:Lambda Boo type.
HR 2045BD+51 11283955125467 05 56 14.4+51 48 146.49 R A5V
HR 2046BD+31 11393958658569 05 54 59.0+31 42 065.90 A5IV
HR 2054BD+49 14233974340720 05 57 04.9+49 01 466.47 G8III
HR 2066BD+28 9523986677744 05 56 33.8+28 56 326.32 A2II
HR 2077δ33BD+54 9704003525502225IW 05 59 31.6+54 17 053.72 K0-III 5.8115.4
HR 2079BD+55 10364006225504 05 59 45.7+55 19 156.44 A5m
HR 2080BD+54 9714008325505 05 59 48.1+54 32 506.14 K2III
HR 2081BD+49 14284008440743 05 59 21.8+49 55 285.89 G5III SB:219.13d, K1 32.2k/s, K2 33.23k/s, V0 -4.09k/s, a1sini 97.1, a2sini 100.1.
HR 2088β34BD+44 13284018340750227I4556 Bet Aur05 59 31.7+44 56 511.90 A2IV 8.9184.6D:AB binary. C, 14.1v at 13".,G:In Ursa cluster; Sirius group; UMa stream; UMa cluster.,N:Menkalinan; Menkalina.,R:Radius relative to Sun = 3.0.,SB:ADS 4556A, 3.9600d, K 107.5k/s, V0 -17.1k/s, msin3i 2.20, asini 5.85. Masses 2.33, 2.25 solar. Rotational,SB:velocities both components <30k/s. Second SB ever discovered, by Antonia Maury, 1889.,VAR:ADS 4556A, EA 1.89 - 1.98V, 1.93 - 2.02B, A2+A2, 3.9600421d, i 78.5d.
HR 2091π35BD+45 12174023940756I Pi Aur05 59 56.1+45 56 134.26 M3II eC:Large infrared excess.,M:Radio star.,S:Ultraviolet FeII emission.,VAR:Lc 4.24 - 4.34V. Radio emission at 2.85cm indicates mass loss.
HR 2095θ37BD+37 13804031258636I4566 The Aur05 59 43.3+37 12 452.62 A0pSi 4.53.5D:AB binary , combined mag., colors. B is 7.2v G2V. C, 11v at 49" optical.,DYN:0.032".,R:Radius 3.3 solar.,VAR:ADS 4566B. Alpha CV 2.62 - 2.70V. Amp. 0.43m at 1400A, 1.3735d. Magnetic field varies 3.618d.
HR 2096BD+44 133240325407694576 06 00 19.0+44 35 316.22 K2III+K0III 4.034.2D:AB probably binary. B, 11v at 2". Component C, K0III, optical.
HR 210136BD+47 12274039440778 06 00 58.6+47 54 075.73 B9.5pSiFe
HR 2105BD+48 133340486407892458I 06 01 43.1+48 57 345.96 K0
HR 2110BD+31 11644058858657 06 01 10.2+31 02 055.98 R A2V
HR 2112BD+49 14414062640801 06 02 48.7+49 54 206.05 B9.5IV
HR 2115BD+43 14214072240808 06 02 53.6+43 22 436.42 R K0
HR 211938BD+42 147340801408182461 06 03 18.0+42 54 426.10 K0II G:Sigma Pup group.
HR 2122BD+32 11664083258688 06 02 55.1+32 38 096.24 F4V
HR 2123BD+51 1146408732554824634633 2804 06 04 29.1+51 34 246.45 A7III 2.839.0D:BC, 9.0, 10.0v, sep. 0.6", CPM with A.,VAR:Delta Sct?
HR 213239BD+42 14774107440840 2812 06 05 03.4+42 58 545.87 F3V G:Hyades group.
HR 2137BD+37 140541162587164649 06 05 02.6+37 57 516.34 K0III+A2 5.617.9D:Confusion as to whether B or C is the brighter, B at 18", C at 84" from A.
HR 2139BD+33 12364126958727 06 05 34.0+33 35 576.23 B9pSi
HR 2141BD+35 13344133058739W 06 06 08.5+35 23 156.12 G0V 3.4122.0
HR 214340BD+38 137741357587492465 Var?06 06 35.1+38 28 585.36 A4m SB:28.28d, K 51.4k/s, V0 +16.9k/s, msin3i 1.35, asini 16.6.,VAR:Suspected of 0.01m variability.
HR 2146BD+29 11124142977958I4673 06 06 22.5+29 30 456.08 M3II+F7V 5.010.0D:CPM. Companion 10.72V, +0.90(B-V), +0.25(U-B), F7V.
HR 2147BD+41 13574146740868 06 07 26.9+41 51 156.12 K0III
HR 2153BD+41 13654163640881 06 08 23.0+41 03 206.36 G9III
HR 2172BD+52 10414208325613 06 11 46.0+52 38 506.30 A5IIIm SB:106d, K 40.5k/s, V0 +13.5k/s, msin3i 1.55, asini 45.8; vsini both components 30k/s. Unresolved by speckle,SB:interferometry.
HR 217541BD+48 135242126409244773 B06 11 36.5+48 42 476.82 H A8V 0.87.7D:Binary with HR 2176.,G:Hyades group.
HR 217641BD+48 135242127409254773 A06 11 36.6+48 42 406.09 H A3V 0.87.7D:Binary with HR 2175.,G:Hyades group.
HR 2188BD+51 11634246625630 06 13 45.3+51 10 216.04 K1III
HR 2189BD+32 121742471588522470I 06 12 20.1+32 41 365.78 M2IIIa
HR 2217BD+36 1388430175890511674849 A06 15 39.0+36 08 556.92 F4IV 0.611.3D:AB CPM. B is dF0; C 12.3v at 202" optical. D, 11.5v at 120" from A.
HR 2219κ44BD+29 115443039781431168I 2877 06 15 22.7+29 29 534.35 G8.5IIIb
HR 222842BD+46 11224324440999 06 17 34.7+46 25 276.52 F0V G:UMa stream.
HR 223943BD+46 11244338041010 06 18 16.9+46 21 386.38 K2III G:Eta Cep group.
HR 226445BD+53 100843905256812484 06 21 46.1+53 27 085.36 F5III SB:6.5013d, K 31.7k/s, V0 -1.5k/s, asini 2.83.
HR 2272BD+29 11904409278259 06 21 12.1+29 32 286.43 A1V s
HR 2289ψ146BD+49 14884453741076242I Psi1 Aur06 24 53.9+49 17 174.91 K5-M0Iab-Ib VAR:Lc? 4.75 - 5.70V, 6.6 - 7.2p.
HR 2297BD+29 12134476678333 06 24 52.6+29 42 266.71 B8IIIn
HR 2314BD+47 12994510541109 06 27 51.1+47 24 196.56 A0V
HR 2319BD+32 13004519259096 06 27 35.5+32 33 476.43 K0
HR 233248BD+30 12384541259128 RT Aur06 28 34.1+30 29 355.55 F8Ib vS:Also classified F4Ib-G1Ib.,VAR:CDelta 5.02 - 5.82V. Per. changing, 3.728365 before 1950, 3.728115 since. CaII emission on rising branch of light,VAR:curve. Blue companion suspected.
HR 233847BD+46 114945466411302496I 06 30 03.0+46 41 085.90 gK4
HR 2372BD+32 132446052591942500 WW Aur06 32 27.2+32 27 175.87 A3m+A3m: S:Also classified A3m: + A3m:,SB:2.5250d, K 115.6k/s, V0 -8.7k/s, msin3i 1.98, asini 4.01. Masses 1.92, 1.90 solar. vsini same for both,SB:components 35k/s.,VAR:EA 5.79 - 6.54V, 2.52501922d. Per. changes. Rot. line apsides per. about 40,000d.
HR 2383BD+33 13564625159222 06 33 42.7+33 01 276.42 R A3V
HR 239849BD+28 116846553785242504 3032 06 35 12.1+28 01 205.27 A0Vnn
HR 2405BD+38 15394668759280IW UU Aur06 36 32.9+38 26 435.29 C5II 5.617.9S:Infrared spectra show CO, CN and C2 molecules.,VAR:SRb 7.83 - 10.00B, 8.2 - 10.0p, 234d. Mean mag. varies in per. about 3500d.
HR 241951BD+39 16904707059316250I 06 38 39.5+39 23 275.69 K5III G:Hyades group.
HR 2420ψ352BD+40 16654710059319 06 38 49.2+39 54 095.20 B8III
HR 242553BD+29 12934715278571D 06 38 23.0+28 59 035.79 B9npEu 0.00.1D:Discovered by both occultation and speckle interferometry 1978, sep. 0.075"; 1983.93, sep. 0.13".,S:Spectra show Hg 4077; Eu, Cr enhanced. Overabundant elements are V by factor of 300; Sr by 1500; Y by 100 and rare,S:earths by hundreds of thousands.
HR 2427ψ250BD+42 15854717441239IW 06 39 19.9+42 29 204.79 K3III 5.552.1
HR 2434BD+44 15064727041245 06 39 58.0+44 00 506.41 R K1III
HR 243854BD+28 119647395785935289 3065 06 39 33.1+28 15 476.03 B7III 1.60.8
HR 2452BD+36 148247703593652516 06 41 37.7+35 55 556.46 F8III
HR 2459ψ455BD+44 151847914412882517I 06 43 05.0+44 31 285.02 K5III
HR 2464BD+37 15674807359406 06 43 13.8+37 08 496.19 K0
HR 2471BD+36 14944827259425 06 44 12.6+36 06 356.31 R A2V
HR 2483ψ556BD+43 159548682413302555425 06 46 44.3+43 34 395.25 G0V 3.436.2D:Companion orange, optical.
HR 2487ψ657BD+48 143648781413461176I 06 47 39.6+48 47 225.22 K0III
HR 2516ψ758BD+41 153649520413802527IW 06 50 45.9+41 46 535.02 K3III 5.040.9G:61 Cyg group.
HR 2532BD+45 13594994941406 06 53 07.6+44 50 226.26 A8Vn
HR 253959BD+39 177150018595715534 OX Aur06 53 01.5+38 52 096.12 F2VDel Del v3.922.3D:AB fixed.,M:Space motion almost identical to that of the Sun.,S:Also classified A7n-F3IV.,VAR:Delta Sct 5.94 - 6.14V, primary period 0.115442, secondary 0.154412d.
HR 254160BD+38 16365003759576S 06 53 13.4+38 26 176.30 dF5 N:Sometimes this star, sometimes HR 2547 have been called Psi8 Aur. To avoid future confusion this designation,N:is abandoned for both.
HR 2542BD+35 15115005659574I 3250 06 53 03.4+35 47 196.01 K3III:
HR 2547ψ861BD+38 16385020459589 06 53 57.0+38 30 186.48 B9.5pSi N:See note for HR 2541.,S:Hg, Mn.
HR 2556BD+46 12025038441426 06 55 15.2+45 49 356.34 K0III-IV G:Hyades group.
HR 2557BD+44 15515042041429 V352 Aur06 55 14.7+43 54 366.13 A9III VAR:Delta Sct 6.037 - 6.054y. About 4 hrs. One of most luminous Delta Sct stars: abs. mag. about 0.0V.
HR 2568ψ9BD+46 12035065841446 Var?06 56 32.3+46 16 275.87 B8IIIe S:Shell star.,VAR:Emission var. about 16 yrs.
HR 2573BD+46 12055076341450 06 56 56.0+46 42 185.86 gK0
HR 260062BD+38 165651440596582538I 06 59 02.8+38 03 086.00 K2III
HR 2675BD+37 16605392559812 07 08 36.3+37 26 426.16 K1III
HR 269663BD+39 18825471659866274I 07 11 39.3+39 19 144.90 K4III-IIIa
HR 275364BD+41 16305622141679276 07 18 02.2+40 53 005.78 A5Vn G:In Ursa cluster?
HR 2775BD+42 16995694141705 07 21 03.1+42 39 206.35 K0
HR 2792BD+39 19275726360012 07 22 13.4+38 59 466.40 K0
HR 279365BD+37 170757264600102568I6009 07 22 02.6+36 45 385.13 K0III 5.511.4D:AB CPM. C, 12.7v at 42" optical.
HR 280566BD+40 185257669417381191I 07 24 08.5+40 40 205.19 K1+IIIaCN1

Revised+Historic NGC/IC, Version 22/9, © Dr. Wolfgang Steinicke [277]
Planetary Nebulae
NameRADecTypebMagvMagDimDreyer DescriptionIdentification, Remarks
NGC 224206 34 07.4+44 46 40PN15.115.00.37eeF, vS, R, F * nfPK 170+15.1, CGCG 204-5
IC 214905 56 23.9+46 06 19PN11.210.60.57Planetary, stellarPK 166+10.1, CS=10.5
Galactic Nebulae
NameRADecTypebMagvMagDimDreyer DescriptionIdentification, Remarks
NGC 193105 31 25.7+34 14 42EN+OCL10.1vB, L, R, B *** in MLBN 810, OCL 441
NGC 198505 37 47.8+31 59 20RN12.70.68cF, S, R, psbMPK 176+0.1, CS=13.6, not a PN
IC 40505 16 29.4+34 21 22EN10.030 × 20* 6.7 with pB, vL nebLBN 795, CED 42, in Sh2-229 (Flaming Star nebula)
IC 41005 22 45.0+33 24 48EN+OCL55 × 45Dif, many st invLBN 807, OCL 439, around NGC1893
IC 41705 28 05.9+34 25 26EN+OCL13 × 10vL, dif, * 6 invLBN 804, CED 46, Sh2-234
Open Clusters
NameRADecTypebMagvMagDimDreyer DescriptionIdentification, Remarks
NGC 166404 51 05.4+43 40 34III1p7.618Cl, lRi, lC, pLOCL 411
NGC 177805 08 05.0+37 01 24III2p7.78Cl, pC, lRi, iF, st LOCL 429
NGC 179805 11 39.3+47 41 44II2m10.05S, Cl or Cl + nebOCL 410, Berkeley 16
NGC 185705 20 05.0+39 20 36II2m7.010Cl, pRi, pC, st 7…OCL 428
NGC 188305 25 54.1+46 29 25II3p12.05Cl, vF, pRi, pC, iFOCL 417
NGC 189305 22 45.6+33 24 52II2mn7.510Cl, L, Ri, lCOCL 439, in IC 410, LBN 807
NGC 190705 28 04.5+35 19 32II1m8.25Cl, pRi, pC, R, st 9…12OCL 434
NGC 191205 28 43.0+35 51 18II2r6.415Cl, B, vL, vRi, iF, st L & SM 38, OCL 433
NGC 196005 36 17.7+34 08 27II3m6.010Cl, B, vL, vRi, lC, st 9…11 scM 36, OCL 445
NGC 201305 44 01.6+55 47 22OCLCl, vlRi, st 11
NGC 209905 52 18.3+32 33 11II1r5.615Cl, Ri, pCM, st L & SM 37, OCL 451
NGC 212606 02 32.9+49 51 57II1p10.26Cl, not Ri, * 7 m northOCL 418
NGC 216506 11 04.0+51 40 42OCL13.412.76Cl, pL, poor, st 11
NGC 219206 15 17.4+39 51 19III1p10.95Cl, cL, C, iF, st vSOCL 437
NGC 224006 33 10.5+35 15 02OCLCl, pL, P, vlC, st 7, 10…15
NGC 228106 48 17.8+41 04 44I3p5.425Cl, pRi, vlC, st pLOCL 446
Galaxies
NameRADecTypebMagvMagDimDreyer DescriptionIdentification, Remarks
NGC 220806 22 34.6+51 54 36S013.812.81.6 × 1.1pF, pS, lEUGC 3452, MCG 9-11-10, CGCG 260-7, NPM1G +51.0053
NGC 230306 56 17.4+45 29 36E013.612.61.5 × 1.5eF, vS, R, sev st nrUGC 3603, MCG 8-13-31, CGCG 234-30, NPM1G +45.0083
IC 219007 29 54.3+37 27 06SBbc14.814.00.9 × 0.5F, pS, difUGC 3880, MCG 6-17-13, CGCG 177-26

«Strasbourg-ESO Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae» Acker et al., 1992 [141]
PNGRADecMain IDPKIRASDiscovererIdentitiesoDiam
["]
rDiam
["]
Dist
[kpc]
Rvel
[km/s]
ExpVel
[km/s]
C* NameC* MagC* SP Type
PN G158.9+17.806 19 34+55 36 43PuWe 1PURGATHOFER et al 1980 1200. 27.0 (O-III), 27.0 (N-II)AG82 61B: 15.3sd O
PN G163.1-00.804 54 31+42 16 37We 1- 3WEINBERGER 1977 115. AG82 37U: 20.23, B: 21.24, V: 21.01
PN G166.1+10.405 56 24+46 06 17IC 2149166+10.105526+4605FLEMING 1906ARO 23, VV 26, VV' 37 8.5 7. 1.09 -30.7 ± 2.1< 10.0 (O-III), 20. (N-II)AG82 51, BD +46 1067, GCRV 3681, HD 39659, PLX 1357B: 11.28, V: 11.59O4 (f), Of(H)
PN G166.4-06.504 42 53+36 06 53CRL 61804395+3601WESTBROOK et al 1975 12. 1.0 AFGL 618, AG82 35V: 17.0BO - O9.5 ?
PN G167.0-00.905 06 38+39 08 08A 8167-00.1ABELL 1955A55 7, ARO 216, VV' 28 60. +58.2 ± 6.5AG82 40B: 20.2
PN G170.3+15.806 34 07+44 46 38NGC 224206304+4448SHAW et al 1987 22. B: 17.4, V: 17.6
PN G170.7+04.605 41 22+39 15 08K 3-6905378+3913KOHOUTEK 1969 0. 0.45 +22.9 ± 4.0
PN G173.5+03.205 42 34+36 09 05Pu 2PURGATHOFER 1980 20. +45.0 ± 5.2AG82 55B: 20.9, V: 19.9
PN G173.7+02.705 40 53+35 42 35PP 40TURNER et al 1985GM 1-66 30. : 30.
PN G173.7-05.805 07 09+30 50 03K 2- 1173-05.1KOHOUTEK 1963ARO 175 132. +19.2 ± 4.5AG82 41B: 18.8
PN G178.3-02.505 31 36+28 58 41K 3-6805284+2856KOHOUTEK 1969We 2-21 10. 12. +65.0 ± 4.8AG82 45
PN G183.8+05.506 16 11+28 22 05WeSb 2WEINBERGER et al 1981 135.

«A Catalog of Parameters for Globular Clusters in the Milky Way» William E. Harris, 1996 [148]
IDNameRADecRSun
[kpc]
RGC
[kpc]
Fe/HwtEB-VVHB(m-M)VVtMV,tU-BB-VV-RV-Isptellipvr
[km/s]
vLSR
[km/s]
sigv
[km/s]
crc
[']
rh
[']
μVρ0lg(tc)lg(th)
Pal 204 46 05.91+31 22 53.427.235.0-1.4211.2421.6021.0113.04-7.971.832.082.650.05-133.0 ± 57.0-140.11.53 0.170.5019.064.068.829.28

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148«A Catalog of Parameters for Globular Clusters in the Milky Way» Harris, William E.; Astronomical Journal v.112, p.1487, October 1996 / Revision: December 2010; DOI:10.1086/118116; Bibcode:1996AJ....112.1487H; physwww.mcmaster.ca/~harris/mwgc.dat (2021-01-03)
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