Spirograph Nebula (IC 418)

IC 418
IC 418: Image taken with Hubble Space Telescope. © ESA/Hubble & NASA [540]

History

This planetary nebula was discovered on 26 March 1891 by Williamina Fleming, a Scottish-American astronomer. She worked for Edward Pickering to whom John L. E. Dreyer mistakenly credited the discovery in his «Index Catalogue» appeared in 1895. [314]

Physical Properties

IC 418 is a planetary nebula with a high-density ellipsoidal shell, which overall morphology looks simple. A detailed view of the Hubble Space Telescope has revealed an intricate cyclic pattern that has given the «Spirograph Nebula». Magnetic fields or variable stellar wind could be responsible for these patterns. The central star has a relatively low effective temperature of 39'000 K and is in an early evolutionary stage. The distance is measured to 1.3 ± 0.4 kpc. [541]

«Strasbourg-ESO Catalogue of Galactic Planetary Nebulae» Acker et al., 1992 [141]
Designations PN G215.2-24.2: IC 418, PK 215-24.1, ARO 3, VV 22, VV' 32
Right Ascension (J2000.0) 05h 27m 28s
Declination (J2000.0) -12° 41' 48"
Dimensions 12." (optical)
Distance 0.88 kpc
Radial Velocity +61.0 ± 2.0 km/s
Expansion Velocity < 6.0 (O-III) 12. (N-II) km/s
C-Star Designations AG82 43, BD -12 1172, EM* CDS 500, GCRV 3288, HD 35914, PLX 1239, TD1 4662
C-Star Magnitude B: 10.00, V: 10.17
C-Star Spectral Type Of(H)
Discoverer FLEMING 1891

Finder Chart

The 10 mag star ZZ Leporis with the planetary nebula IC 418 is located near the ears of the Hare (Lepus), south of Orion. Together with three other stars of about 7 mag it forms a conspicuous figure that can be seen in an eyepiece which gives approximately 1° true field of view. The best time to observe it is October to February.

Finder Chart Spirograph Nebula (IC 418)
Spirograph Nebula (IC 418) in constellation Lepus. Charts created using SkySafari 6 Pro and STScI Digitized Sky Survey. Limiting magnitudes: Constellation chart ~6.5 mag, DSS2 close-ups ~20 mag. [149, 160]

Visual Observation

400 mm Aperture: In the 9 mm Nagler eyepiece, IC 418 displays a bright central star surrounded by a small, round nebula. When switching from indirect to direct view, the nebula fades slightly, revealing only the central star. Whether the edge is somewhat brighter or if it's a contrast effect with the central star is not definitively clear. — 400 mm f/4.5 Taurus Dobsonian, Hasliberg, 16. 12. 2023, SQM 21.2, Bernd Nies

635 mm Aperture: At low magnification (35 mm Tele Vue Panoptic, 72x), the small planetary nebula (PN) can be distinguished from the other three stars in the neighborhood by a slightly larger disk. With this small, bright object, it's worth increasing the magnification significantly. Its diameter is only 12 arcseconds. It reveals itself as a bright ring with a fainter inner region and a bright central star. A beautiful sight. However, the Spirograph-like structure is not discernible. — 25" f/4 Obession Dobsonian, Astrofarm Tivoli, Namibia, 16. 9. 2023, Bernd Nies

Objects Within a Radius of 15°

References